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procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var Stream: TMemoryStream; //oder nur TSream?
    cText: string;
    len: integer;
begin
 Stream:= TMemoryStream.Create;

 cText:= 'Test';
 Len := Length(cText);
 Stream.WriteBuffer(Len, SizeOf(Len));
 Stream.WriteBuffer(Pointer(cText)^, Len);

 showmessage(LoadStringFromStream(Stream)); //Hier habe ich schon min. 8 Funktionen ausprobiert...

 Stream.Free;
end;

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var
  ss: TStringStream;
  s: String;
begin
  ss := TStringStream.Create;
  try
    ss.WriteString('dein string');
    s := ss.ReadString(ss.Size);
  finally
    ss.Free;
  end;